Malnutrition ( malnutrition ) is a general term that refers to a medical condition caused by a diet that is not right or not enough . Although often confused with malnutrition caused by lack of consumption , poor absorption , or loss of the nutrients or nutrient , this term is actually also includes overnutrition ( overnutrition ) caused by overeating or excessive entry of specific nutrients into the body . One will experience malnutrition if not consume the amount or quality of nutrients sufficient for a healthy diet for a long enough period of time . Malnutrition can lead to prolonged starvation , disease , and infection .
The signs of many cases of malnutrition that is when cadanagn spent nutrients and nutrients as well as energy intake is insufficient to meet the daily needs or does not meet the increased metabolic tanbahan .
Nutritional deficiency can occur in children who lack food intake in a long time . Terminology and classification of nutritional deficiency disorders vary greatly and is still a thorny problem . However , the term is used clinically and protein energy malnutrition ( MEP ) as a common name . Determination of the proper type of MEP should be done with complete anthropometric measurements ( height, weight , arm circumference and skin fold thickness ) , assisted by laboratory examination . A study in Malaysia in 2001 in getting that 14 % of infants suffered malnutrition buruk.sebagian occur because of low economic factors and other factors derived from the parents .
Malnutrition is a state of lack of energy and protein levels due to less weight and nutritious foods or prolonged illness . It is characterized by a very thin nutritional status ( by the BB to TB ) and or the results of clinical examination showed symptoms of marasmus , kwashiorkor or kwashiorkor marasmik .
prevention
Some ways to prevent malnutrition in children :
1 ) Exclusive breastfeeding ( breast milk only ) until the child is 6 months old . After that , the child began to be introduced to complementary food supplements as appropriate to the age level , then weaned after 2 years old .
2 ) Children are given a varied diet , balanced between protein, fat , vitamins and minerals . Comparison of composition : for a minimum of 10 % fat of total calories required , while the remaining 12% protein and carbohydrates .
3 ) Diligent weigh and measure the height of children with IHC program . Observe whether the growth of the child in accordance with the above standards . If not appropriate , immediately consult the doctor .
4 ) If the child is hospitalized due to nutrient poor , may ask the clerk patterns and types of food that should be given after discharge from the hospital .
5 ) If the child has suffered from malnutrition , then immediately give high calories in the form of carbohydrates , fats , and sugars . As for the protein can be given after other sources of calories has been shown capable of improving children's energy . Give also supplement other essential minerals and vitamins . Early treatment often produce good results . On the condition is severe, treatment can be done by improving
the general health condition . However , the rest of the symptoms will usually leave permanent physical abnormalities and will appear in a later issue of intelligence .
Stunting
Failure to thrive is a baby or a child with physical growth was significantly less than peers .
Signs:
a) Failure to achieve an ideal height and weight ;
b ) The loss of fat under the skin significantly;
c ) Berkurangya muscle mass ;
d ) Recurrent infections .
Causal factors : ( 1 ) social factors , lack of public knowledge about the importance of nutritious food for growing children . ( 2 ) The factors of poverty, low income communities led to the most basic needs often can not be met . ( 3 ) The rate of population growth is not matched by the increase in the availability of food . ( 4 ) The infection , caused by damage to multiple organ function so it can not absorb nutrients properly .
treatment
* In the mild stage with improved nutrition .
* Treatment of stage tend to be more complex because of the weight of each disease must be treated individually . Penderitapun should be treated in hospital for attention
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